Animal Emergency Clinic of Central Texas

CHOCOLATE TOXICITY

Chocolate contains theobromine that is toxic to dogs in sufficient quantities. The good news is that it takes, on average, a fairly large amount of theobromine 100-150 mg/kg to cause a toxic reaction. Although there are variables to consider like the individual sensitivity, animal size and chocolate concentration.

The following lists the amount of theobromine in different chocolates.

Milk Chocolate - 44 mg/ oz

Semi-Sweet -150 mg/oz

Baker?s Dark -390 mg/oz

CLINICAL SIGNS

Xanthines affect the nervous system, cardiovascular system and peripheral nerves. It has a diuretic effect as well. Clinical signs: hyper excitability, hyper irritability, increased heart rate, restlessness, increased urination, muscle tremors, vomiting, diarrhea.

Milk chocolate will often cause diarrhea 12-24 hours after ingestion.

TREATMENT

Once absorbed, theobromine takes about 30 hours to be eliminated from the body. If we know that the pet has ingested a significant amount of the toxin, we will often attempt to induce vomiting, pump the stomach and/or administer activated charcoal to help absorb the toxin in the gastrointestinal tract.

There is no specific antidote for this poisoning. However, supportive therapy including intravenous fluids, oxygen therapy, sedation and possibly anticonvulsants might be indicated if neurological signs are present and need to be controlled.

If you suspect your pet has ingested chocolate contact your Veterinarian immediately! We can help you determine the proper treatment for your pet!